bb Albert Provocateur: July 2007

Albert Provocateur

Monday, July 30, 2007

M.D. (Mad Doctor)

When our backs are to the wall and we have nothing to lose, we write. When odds are insurmountable and we know we have given our all, we write. When that crap shoot we call life yields “sevens” and “elevens” late in the game, we write. Whether exorcising demons, seeking forgiveness, proclaiming cathartic guilt, or righting perceived wrongs, we put pen to paper, as if the action itself or the completed document placed in proper hands might lift the veil of angst that provided initial impetus.
I am no different from you. I am a man with no past, present, or future. I have lost a country, perhaps two, while seeking greener grass, and I have neither profession nor prospects for immediate salvation. Although pity is not something I actively seek, soothing words and a pat on the back would go far to easing the pain of unpaid student loans and an inability to attract gainful employment. I, like so many other native sons and daughters, have fallen through the cracks, and, while a national open-door policy benefits those born distant from these shores, those of us who have been left a legacy, a birthright, and a vested interest must man newly formed breadlines. The American dream is, indeed, alive and well, but currently in the hands of foreign nationals who pass by in shiny, new Lexuses, glance at us in askance, and warn their children to not mix blood with ours.
An Everyman, I am not. I am just an unemployed physician, and my only sin was a deep, heartfelt desire to help my fellow man, my countrymen, and a nation that long ago equated self-worth with honesty, integrity, and good deeds, not money and power. Back in 1976 my odyssey began, at the ripe old age of 24 years, when non-admittance to a U.S. medical school prompted a drastic course of action to make a dream come true. Tracing the path of Columbus in reverse, I made my foray into the European theater, and, with foreign language skills at a minimum, I enrolled in an Italian medical school. My action was laudatory, my quest rivaled that of Jason, and, yet, when I returned to the U.S. in 1996, I was a broken man whose seventeen years in medical school, graduate medical education, and private practice in Italy merited neither a tickertape parade nor a place in the sun. My parents had aged, my friends had moved on, and the white hair and age lines, which on another stage might have conferred deference and respect, made me all the more unrecognizable to a country that I, too, did not recognize.
Do the math. Often, fact is stranger than fiction. A national shortage of physicians currently grips this nation, with the poorest areas of the country suffering hand-in-hand with the most economically deprived areas of the world. Not only is this a travesty, but a national outrage to rival any of the tumultuous social issues of the last fifty years. We are 16,000 doctors short in the U.S., and, while physicians like myself would be willing to even work for free or for a nominal fee, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), the American Medical Association (AMA), the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG), the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS), the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME), the National Resident Matching Program (NRMP), and on and on continue to shut us out. Not only are we barred from medical practice and graduate medical education, but foreign national physicians (non-citizens) are given preference over us for the few positions available. Outrage, I said. I should have said national disgrace!
More than 35 million Americans live in underserved areas of this country, and they suffer the slow, chronic, yet ravaging effects of diseases that would be well within our power to manage, treat, or cure were we to hire the legions of unemployed physicians forced to work non-medical jobs in this great country of ours. America’s rural and inner-city poor have been hit the hardest, as well as Hurricane Katrina-devastated regions, the Mississippi Delta, and the arid U.S. Southwest, to name a few. While current statistics show 280 doctors for every 100,000 people in the U.S., which is a shame, some areas of the country come in at only 103 for every 100,000, which is a downright crime. Mad, you better believe I am!
Increasing U.S. medical school enrollments will not solve the grave dilemma facing our nation. It will take years and years to educate new legions of physicians, and, all the while, the misery in the Mississippi Delta, Appalachia, and the 5,594 other Health Professional Shortage Areas (HPSA) will continue to grow. Meanwhile American citizen physicians like myself, who were trained in foreign medical schools, bang our heads against walls, as our country continues to abandon us in much the same way it did to American veterans during the Vietnam War. Make no mistake about it, this, too, is an unpopular war.
The old guard always fears change, and the medical profession itself is no exception. While good boys continue to flash wealth and lament the fact that they don’t earn quite as much as their predecessors, the urban poor continue to die. Medical graduates continue to flood high-powered, highly technical, lucrative fields of medicine, while at the same time both demeaning family practitioners and envisioning shiny, new BMWs, homes in the suburbs, vacation spas, and all manner of creature comforts as the graduate medical education phase of their lives draws to a close and they take their places among the empowered and the entitled. Meanwhile the years pass, and the 16,000 doctor shortage of today hits 24,000 by the year 2020, and perhaps even 200,000 by some estimates, based on a fast-growing U.S. population and an aging work force. Mad, you bet I am!
I continue to man the breadlines, being too educated to work menial jobs even if I so desired and too discriminated against by age and country of medical education to be given the opportunity to pursue graduate medical education and alleviate the suffering of my own countrymen here in the U.S. I have passed all the U.S. medical licensing examinations, I have paid all the high examination and legal fees, and, the good citizen that I am, I have followed all the AAMC, AMA, ECFMG, ERAS, NBME, and NRMP rules and regulations, only to have salt rubbed in my eyes, as doors are closed to me at the same time that foreign national doctors from China, Cuba, India, Korea, Mexico, the Middle East, Pakistan, the Philippines, South America, and sub-Saharan Africa are recruited for medical positions (governmental and non-governmental) subsidized by U.S. taxpayer dollars, my own included. Mad, I am raging mad!
I am a small fish, a David in the shadow of a Goliath-sized U.S. medical establishment. There is no way that I can win this battle, and yet I fight on. There are thousands like me here in the U.S., perhaps some living in your very community. We want to alleviate your pain, we want to be there for you, and, yet, the next time you need a family physician, you had better brush up on your foreign language skills, as you will most likely stand or sit face-to-face with a foreign national (there are more than 40,000 Indian doctors in the U.S., not to mention other nationalities), as American citizen physicians like myself beg for quarters, seek employment at Wal-Mart, and fight amongst ourselves for the scraps thrown to us by foreign national doctors. Mad, I am beet red!
I was once proud to be an American. In all honesty, I can no longer say that I am. So much injustice, so much dishonesty, so much hypocrisy, they have all taken their toll on this U.S. native son. My heartache is enormous, and my walls have been banged enough. I am a man with no solutions, only innumerable questions and an incessant desire to alleviate pain and suffering in my country of origin. As foreign physicians continue to pour into the U.S. for the few medical positions available, at the same time that I am denied access to medical positions in their homelands, the fires within me continue to rage. At 55-years-old, I don’t see them getting extinguished any time soon. Mad, I am without words!

© 2007, Albert M. Balesh, M.D. All rights reserved.

Written in Bone


While writing in stone did little to improve the quality of life in Ancient Egypt, there is something that modern men and women can do to preserve the closest things we have in our bodies to ancient monoliths, and that is determination of bone mineral density (BMD) via noninvasive techniques such as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), single-energy x-ray absorptiometry (SXA), quantitative computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound in order to plan subsequent therapeutic intervention. (photo taken from NEJM, 7-26-07) Dr. Al Posted by Picasa

Bone-Headed

If we are all little angels and always observe our doctors’ prescriptions, then why is something as simple as taking a daily calcium supplement and vitamin D so perplexing? Why can’t we prevent that irritating rattle of our bones? Why do we so fear that fall that may signal an end to our physical autonomy? Finally, why do we look to medical miracles like once a month, once a year, or once a life treatment regimens with such subliminal desperation, as if we could erase with a snap of the fingers the expiration date that the Almighty, Nature, and the relentless course of time have so eloquently fixed in the pages of our twilight existence? Bone-headed, we’re not. Headed for bone is another story. We desire an improved quality of life for as long as we can sustain it, and building strong bones and muscles just makes good sense. Navigating advice columns and Internet websites to find clear-cut answers and remedies, however, is an exercise in Zen, and frayed nerves and couch-potato restlessness demand answers to questions and a realistic approach to intervention. So, as is usually stated in these columns, let’s keep it simple. If we follow the rules outlined here, our lives, physically and osteogenically speaking, will be a lot less tedious and worry-ridden. Not following them will initiate the slippery slide to and through osteoporosis. The decision is ours and ours alone.
While no one likes to be reminded of the unpleasant, a jolt is sometimes needed. Here are the stats. More than 10 million people (8 million women and 2 million men) in the U.S. are affected by osteoporosis, but only a small proportion are diagnosed and treated. If that were not bad enough, an additional 18 million individuals have bone mass levels that put them at increased risk for developing the malady. Osteoporosis is defined technically a bone density that falls 2.5 standard deviations (SD) below the mean for young healthy adults of the same race and gender (so-called T-score < –2.5), and increased risk is set at bone mass T-score < –1.0. Now, that’s all well and good, but we are more interested in effects and results than simple statistics. For example, what is this thing we call osteoporosis, and how does it affect us?
Osteoporosis results from bone loss due to both normal aging and an exaggeration of the process of bone remodeling. The process of bone growth, remodeling, and repair is somewhat complicated and involves many players, but can be simplified by thinking of bone as a bank or repository of calcium, with deposits and withdrawals made daily. When there is an imbalance between the two in favor of withdrawals, we eventually go bankrupt and our bones break. Decreased activity of the bone-forming cells, called osteoblasts, and increased activity of bone-degrading cells, called osteoclasts, results in activation of bone remodeling, bone loss, decrease in biomechanical strength, more porous bone, and, finally, osteoporotic fracture, to the tune of 1.5 million fractures (300,000 hip fractures, 700,000 vertebral crush fractures, 250,000 wrist fractures, and 300,000 fractures of other bones such as the distal radius of the forearm) each year in the U.S. as a consequence of osteoporosis.
So, where does osteoporosis come from, and should we resign ourselves to the fact that it is just another inevitable sign of old age that we can do nothing about? The answer is a resounding “No!” We can do something about it, but we must first come to know our enemy. Contributing to its onslaught are inadequate calcium intake, vitamin D deficiency, estrogen deficiency in women, inactivity and lack of exercise, genetic and acquired diseases (anorexia nervosa diabetes mellitus, liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, lymphoma and leukemia, emphysema, and multiple sclerosis, to name a few), medications such as glucocorticoids, anticonvulsants, and immunosuppressants (check with your doctor on that score), and cigarette consumption, of course.
Being less bone-headed means getting off our duffs and having our bone mineral density (BMD) measured by one of a battery of noninvasive techniques approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), such as dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), single-energy x-ray absorptiometry (SXA), quantitative computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound. All fancy names for relatively simple techniques that should be performed in postmenopausal women with risk factors for osteoporosis and in all women by age 65. If BMD is found to be > 2.5 SD below the mean value for young adults (i.e., T-score < –2.5), we play the treatment card.
After consultation with our health care providers and laboratory evaluation for secondary causes of osteoporosis, we proceed to the intervention phase in which we reduce risk factors, supplement our diets with calcium (taken in doses of ≤600 mg at a time), vitamin D (400-600 IU daily), vitamin K, and magnesium, exercise by walking at least three times a week, and begin pharmacologic therapy. Our doctors will know how to best advise us regarding the latter, as we navigate a maze of television commercials touting the benefits of agents that specifically treat osteoporosis (bisphosphonates, calcitonin, parathyroid hormone) and others having broader effects (selective estrogen response modulators or SERMS). For those of us adverse to popping pills on a daily basis, two potent bisphosphonates, zoledronate (Zometa) and ibandronate (Boniva), have unique administration regimens (once yearly intravenously, once monthly orally).
Our money, our choices, our lives. Let’s not be bone-headed!

© 2007, Albert M. Balesh, M.D. All rights reserved.